[nginx] 설치 법 및 설정 법

Linux 24.04 LTS에서 Nginx 설치 절차

• Install the prerequisites:

  sudo apt install curl gnupg2 ca-certificates lsb-release ubuntu-keyring

• Import an official nginx signing key so apt could verify the packages authenticity. Fetch the key:

  curl https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key | gpg --dearmor \
    | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/nginx-archive-keyring.gpg >/dev/null

• Verify that the downloaded file contains the proper key:

  gpg --dry-run --quiet --no-keyring --import --import-options import-show /usr/share/keyrings/nginx-archive-keyring.gpg

• The The output should contain the full fingerprint "573BFD6B3D8FBC641079A6ABABF5BD827BD9BF62" as follows:

  pub   rsa2048 2011-08-19 [SC] [expires: 2027-05-24]
      573BFD6B3D8FBC641079A6ABABF5BD827BD9BF62
  uid                      nginx signing key <signing-key@nginx.com>

• Note that the output can contain other keys used to sign the packages.

• 1. To set up the apt repository for stable nginx packages, run the following command:

  echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/nginx-archive-keyring.gpg] \
  http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu `lsb_release -cs` nginx" \
    | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx.list

• 2. If you would like to use mainline nginx packages, run the following command instead:

  echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/nginx-archive-keyring.gpg] \
  http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/ubuntu `lsb_release -cs` nginx" \
    | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx.list

• 3. Set up repository pinning to prefer our packages over distribution-provided ones:

  echo -e "Package: *\nPin: origin nginx.org\nPin: release o=nginx\nPin-Priority: 900\n" \
    | sudo tee /etc/apt/preferences.d/99nginx

• To install nginx, run the following commands:

  sudo apt update
  sudo apt install nginx

For Begginger

prefix는 경로는 다음과 같다.

• /usr/local/nginx/conf
• /etc/nginx
• /usr/local/etc/nginx
• 여기서 나의 경우에는 /etc/nginx다*

Starting, Stopping, and Reloading Configuration

• To start nginx, run the executable file. Once nginx is started, it can be controlled by invoking the executable with the -s parameter. Use the following syntax:

  nginx -s signal

• To stop nginx processes with waiting for the worker processes to finish serving current requests, the following command can be executed:

  nginx -s quit

• To reload configuration, execute

  nginx -s reload

Serving Static Content

• File Directory

  directory
    /data/www    > which my contain HTML files
        index.html이 보통 들어감. 
    /data/images > containing images

초기 Setting 방법

• nginx 초기 setting 방법
• prefix 경로를 찾는다. 여기서 나의 경우는 /etc/nginx/인데
• 이 밑에 nginx.conf 파일을 찾아서 해결한다.
• 이를 sudo nano로 열어서 편집을 한다.

http {
      server {
        listen 8080;
        location / {
             root /home/nginxServer/test1/data/www;
        }
        location ~ \.(gif|jpg|png)$ {
                root /home/nginxServer/test1/data/images;
        }
    }
}

• http 괄호 안에 다음과 같은 형식으로 넣는다.
• 이후에, systemctl 명령어를 써서 프로세스를 진행한다.

sudo systemctl start nginx

• 파일 변경 후, reload 할 경우 다음 두가지 방식으로 갱신이 가능하다

  sudo nginx -s reload
  sudo systemctl reload nginx